In his farewell address at the end of his second term as
president on September 19, 1796, George Washington warned the nation of the
problems with political parties “in the most solemn manner against the baneful
effects of the spirit of party generally.”
The “spirit of party” has its roots in the “strongest
passions of the human mind,” he said, and exists in all governments, to varying
degrees, being stifled, controlled or repressed in most. But even in the young
nation he had led, perhaps because of the high degree of freedom provided by
its Constitution, “is seen in its greatest rankness, and is truly their worst
enemy.”
Looking across the political landscape today, Washington’s words are
brought to life. And he can objectively address the issue of political parties,
as he is the only president to have had no party affiliation. Washington had to be persuaded to seek a
second term, and refused to run for a third term, despite great popular support
for him to do so.
Essentially, parties are dangerous because they are collections
of persons who share passions, and inevitably passion creates ideas that do not
fit within constitutional guidelines.
Perhaps there exists a circumstance that prompts the party
to encourage expanding the meaning of the General Welfare Clause to deliver
“welfare”; to imagine the need for a federal department to dictate the kinds of
light bulbs or toilets we should buy; or to reinterpret the plain language of
the Second Amendment “for the common good.” None of these actions are
legitimate under the processes set forth by the Constitution. Such ideas may
highjack party members, and shift their attention from strict adherence to the
principles of the Constitution.
“Well,” the members may say, “the Founders could not have
foreseen this development. The Constitution does not address this.” The party
starts to rationalize how to achieve these things without following the methods
provided to change the Constitution.
Maybe this perspective results from a sincere desire to fix
a significant problem; maybe it is merely means to an end. Either way, it is a
step away from the intent and the letter of the law of the land. Devising
circuitous routes to somehow find a way to do what the Constitution does not say
you may do is objectively wrong, yet our government has grown absurdly large and
expensive and immorally oppressive as a result of precisely these types of
activities, and is what Washington warned of.
“[T]he common and
continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to make it the
interest and duty of a wise people to discourage and restrain it,” Washington advised. “It
serves always to distract the public councils and enfeeble the public
administration. It agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false
alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally
riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption,
which finds a facilitated access to the government itself through the channels
of party passions.”
America’s
elected leaders have seemed to be more concerned with the activities of
political parties – the spirit of party – than with focusing on the principles
of the governing document. This has made a mishmash of a once-clearly defined
government structure. It is a tribute to the government structure the Founders’
created, however, that even after these attacks on its foundations, it still
remains singularly better than any other nation on Earth. That may not be true
for much longer, however.
Were all Americans focused laser-like on following the U.S.
Constitution when addressing national issues, would political parties form?
Would there be a need for a formal organization to defend the Constitution?
Does not the very existence of political parties signal motives other than
strict adherence to the Constitutional principles?
The idea of originalism, the dedication to the language and
intent of the Constitution, will draw strong disagreement from those that
maintain that a document created more than 200 years ago cannot possibly apply
satisfactorily to today’s circumstances. Which proves Washington’s point rather
well, as it is primarily ideologically driven political parties and their
adherents that want to loosen the specific language espousing the principles of
the Founders, so that it means what they want it to mean, rather than what is
says.
Neither major political party any longer strongly represents
and defends the founding principles. The Republican Party – which once fairly
strongly defended the founding principles, and still outperforms the Democrats
in that category – has let spirit of party rule its integrity.
The leadership of the Democrat Party long ago adopted
liberalism/socialism in stronger and weaker forms, and many/most of its goals
run headlong into Constitutional prohibitions.
So liberals in both parties have decided that rather than
properly change the Constitution through amendments or a constitutional
convention – either of which is a long, difficult path to follow – they will
instead sneak through the back door, pretending that the Constitution is
outdated and must therefore be reinterpreted, all the while aided in their
subversion by like-minded liberal judges.